1. 安装Samba

更新系统并安装 Samba

sudo apt update

sudo apt-get install samba

2. 创建Samba专用共享用户和密码（使用NAS的用户随便起个名叫sys）

# 创建用户

sudo useradd -M -s /usr/sbin/nologin sys

# 设置密码

sudo smbpasswd -a sys

# 启用Samba账户

sudo smbpasswd -e sys

3. 创建共享目录（放在home下的sys，这里用的系统空间）

sudo mkdir -p /home/sys

4.设置正确的所有权和权限

sudo chown sys:sys /home/sys
sudo chmod 755 /home/sys

5.允许Samba端口

sudo ufw allow samba

# 或者手动指定端口

sudo ufw allow 139/tcp
sudo ufw allow 445/tcp

6.用于网络发现

sudo systemctl restart nmbd

7. Samba配置文件

sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

[global]
   workgroup = WORKGROUP
   server string = Samba Server
   server role = standalone server
   netbios name = SMP
   
   wins support = yes
   local master = yes
   os level = 255
   preferred master = yes
   domain master = yes
   
   # 网络接口设置
   # 运行 ip addr 查看网卡名
   # 如果有线网卡eth0如果无线网卡wlan0
   interfaces = eth0
   bind interfaces only = yes

   
   # 名称解析顺序
   name resolve order = lmhosts wins host bcast
   # 禁用不需要的服务
   disable netbios = no
   
   
   # 安全设置 - 使用简单验证
   security = user
   map to guest = Never
   
   # SMB协议版本
   min protocol = SMB2
   server min protocol = SMB2
   server max protocol = SMB3
   
   # 性能设置
   socket options = TCP_NODELAY
   
   # 苹果兼容性设置
   vfs objects = catia fruit streams_xattr
   fruit:metadata = stream
   fruit:model = MacSamba
   fruit:veto_appledouble = no
   fruit:posix_rename = yes
   fruit:zero_file_id = yes
   ea support = yes
   
   # 其他设置
   dns proxy = no
   load printers = no
   printing = bsd
   printcap name = /dev/null
   disable spoolss = yes
   log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
   max log size = 1000

[share]
   # 基本信息
   path = /home/sys
   comment = Shared Directory
   browseable = yes
   read only = no
   writable = yes
   
   # 访问控制 - 选择一种方式
   # 方式1：使用用户验证（推荐）
   valid users = sys
   write list = sys
   
   # 方式2：或使用访客访问（测试用）
   # guest ok = yes
   # guest only = yes
   
   # 权限控制
   create mask = 0664
   directory mask = 0775
   force create mode = 0664
   force directory mode = 0775
   force user = sys
   force group = sys

8. 重启Samba服务

sudo systemctl restart smbd

9. 设置开机启动

sudo systemctl enable smbd
sudo systemctl enable nmbd

10. 检查服务状态

sudo systemctl status smbd

11.连接测试

sudo lsblk -f

示例：

root@smp:~# sudo lsblk -f
NAME        FSTYPE FSVER LABEL  UUID                                 FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
loop0       swap   1                                                                
sda                                                                                 
└─sda1      ntfs         mynas  481E51891E517144                                    
mmcblk0                                                                             
├─mmcblk0p1 vfat   FAT32 bootfs F587-071F                             442.6M    13% /boot/firmware
└─mmcblk0p2 ext4   1.0   rootfs d6944274-f2f7-4644-96a4-213c3b367f5c  583.2M    95% /
zram0       swap   1     zram0  9ff90a9c-c759-492d-ac15-a78c3daa77ad                [SWAP]
root@smp:~# 

sda                                                                                 
└─sda1      ntfs         mynas  481E51891E517144 

13. 检查是否已安装NTFS支持

sudo apt update
sudo apt install ntfs-3g -y

14. 创建挂载点并挂载硬盘 创建挂载目录 media（/media/mynas）

sudo mkdir -p /media/mynas

15. 临时挂载测试

sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sda1 /media/mynas

16. 检查挂载检查是否成功

df -h | grep mynas

root@smp:~# df -h /media/mynas
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1       932G  149M  932G   1% /media/mynas

17. 配置自动挂载

确认用户ID

root@smp:~# id sys
uid=3(sys) gid=3(sys) groups=3(sys)

编辑 fstab

sudo nano /etc/fstab

在末尾添加一行（下面的uid和gid是id sys获取到的）：

LABEL=mynas  /media/mynas  ntfs-3g  defaults,uid=3,gid=3,umask=002,nofail  0  0

18. 修改Samba配置

sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

# 在文件末尾添加：

[mynas]
   veto files = /System Volume Information/.*/
   delete veto files = yes
   # 基本信息
   path = /media/mynas
   comment = Shared Directory
   browseable = yes
   read only = no
   writable = yes
   
   # 访问控制 - 选择一种方式
   # 方式1：使用用户验证（推荐）
   valid users = sys
   write list = sys
   
   # 方式2：或使用访客访问（测试用）
   # guest ok = yes
   # guest only = yes
   
   # 权限控制
   create mask = 0664
   directory mask = 0775
   force create mode = 0664
   force directory mode = 0775
   force user = sys
   force group = sys
   # NTFS专用设置
   nt acl support = no

19. 重新加载Samba配置

sudo systemctl restart smbd nmbd

20.添加到电脑中

21.故障排除命令